Geography 327      Hydrology

Ice



Glacier Ice


glacier mass balance


Canadian glacier inventory


Ground ice


hydrologic significance of ground ice

  1. permafrost
  2. seasonally thawed ground
  3. segregated ice
  4. lack of baseflow

Lake and River Ice


Freezing (nucleation) of water


pure water -40 +/- 2
tap (filtered) water -2.5
silty water -1.0 to -1.5
water with needles or leaves -1.0

cooling.gif - 7.07 K

modes of nucleation


Static ice

secondary nucleation

snow ice (white ice)

Ice cover on the Great Lakes

Dynamic Ice

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